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A Handbook of Biology

PÏGMËÑTS ÏÑVØLVËD ÏÑ PHØTØSÝÑTHËSÏS



Pigments are substances that have the ability to absorb light, at specific

wavelengths.

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Chromatography shows the following leaf pigments:



Chlorophyll a (bright or blue

green in chromatogram)



Chlorophyll b (yellow green)

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Xanthophylls (yellow)

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Carotenoids (yellow to yellow-

orange)

Chlorophyll b

Carotenoids

Chlorophyll

400

500

600

Wavelength (nm)

700

a

Absorbance of light by

chloroplast pigments

FÜÑÇTÏØÑS ØF ÅÇÇËSSØRÝ PÏGMËÑTS:

Rate of photosynthesis

Absorption

Light absorbed

Wavelength of light in nanometres (nm)

400

500

600

700

3

2

1

They

absorb

light

at

different

wavelength and transfer the energy

to chlorophyll .

They protect chlorophyll a from

photo-oxidation.

The

absorption

spectrum

&

action spectrum coincide closely

showing

that

photosynthesis

is maximum in the blue & red

regions of the spectrum.

The

graphs

also

show

that

chlorophyll a is the chief pigment

associated with photosynthesis

4

PHØTØSÝSTËMS

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Pigments are organised into two Photosystems called Photosystem I

(PS I) & Photosystem II (PS II). These are named in the sequence of their

discovery.



Each

photosystem

has

a

chlorophyll

a

molecule

and

accessory pigments bound to

proteins.



Each

photosystem

have

all

pigments (except one molecule

of chlorophyll a) form a light

harvesting complex (LHC or antennae).

Rate of photosynthesis

(measured by O release)

2

400

500

700

600

Wave length of light (nm)